Stardust Falls to Earth

The BBC reports that the US Stardust probe has returned to earth after its 3billion mile round trip to the comet Wild 2. It returns with a payload of dust trapped in an aerogel. The pristine dust from the very early solar system should tell scientists a great deal about the evolution of our planetary neighbourhood. Watch this space.

Oh, one thing (that should really be reserved for my Sig Fig blog) BBC reporter Helen Briggs refers to the probe’s speed – 46,660kph (29,000mph) and it’s altitude when its parachute was deployed – 32km (or 105,000 feet)

I’ll leave regular SigFig readers to draw their own conclusions about how I would normally comment on such units!

Frozen Chicken Tenders

Sciencebase visitor Enrico Dematt emailed to ask me how long one can store chicken tenders in the freezer. Well, as this is one of the most off-topic questions I’ve ever received, I thought I’d better answer it. According to various foody websites poultry will keep for up to 12 months in a freezer held at a constant -18 Celsius. So, there you go Enrico. Just watch out if you have a long power outage!

Turkish H5N1

This joint statement from the UK’s Medical Research Council’s National Institute for Medical Research and the World Health Organisation just in:

The genetic and antigenic analyses of viruses recovered from two fatal cases of H5N1 influenza in Turkey have been completed at the WHO International Influenza Centre at the MRC’s National Institute for Medical Research in Mill Hill, London.

These viruses are very closely related to current avian H5N1 viruses in Turkey, and also to those isolated at Qinghai Lake in Western China last year.

The gene sequences of the viruses indicate that they are sensitive to the antivirals Tamiflu and amantadine.

Virus from one of the human cases contains mutations in the receptor binding protein, haemagglutinin. One of these has been observed before in viruses from Hong Kong in 2003 and Vietnam in 2005. Research has indicated that the Hong Kong 2003 viruses preferred to bind to human cell receptors more than to avian receptors and it is expected that the Turkish virus will also have this characteristic.

You can read more on the bird flu story

CES 2006: Top Ten Gadgets

The Register’s write-up on the Epos Digital pen and USB flash drive bundle” got me all excited…for a moment. Just think, you can write notes when you’re on the road without having to worry about lugging a laptop everywhere, transfer them to your PC on your return and leave XP’s scrawl-to-text transfer software to convert them into real text, all for under 50 quid.

Then it occurred to me that the last time I used a pen for anything other than signing cheques was probably a decade ago! I doubt I could even write analog style these days. So, I might as well stick to the laptop, or writing on my cellphone and SMS texting it to myself for upload. Technology! Who’d have it?

Cloning – it’s a pup!

I received a press statement from Nature today in which the journal “welcomes the announcement by the inquiry organised by Seoul National University concluding that the Afghan hound Snuppy was indeed a clone”, as originally reported in Nature (Nature 436, 641, 2005).

To quote: “Three weeks ago, as soon as it became clear that there was a strong possibility of fraud in some of the publications from Dr Hwang and colleagues, Nature commissioned Elaine Ostrander, at the National Human Genome Research Institute, in Bethesda Maryland USA, to conduct independent DNA tests on samples supplied by colleagues of Dr Hwang. The authenticity of the samples used was overseen by In Kwonchung Chung of Yonsei University, Korea, a member of the Investigative Committee at Seoul National University.

The tests conducted include DNA fingerprinting analysis of nuclear and
mitochondrial DNA from blood samples of Snuppy, the dog who donated the nucleus, and unrelated Afghan hounds. We heard informally, late yesterday, that these tests are most consistent with Snuppy being a clone.

We have as yet received no technical report or data. The data will be peer reviewed and hopefully published promptly, as well as an account of our review of our procedures in handling such papers. However we feel it in everybody’s best interests to confirm these preliminary indications of the outcome of our test.”

It’s probably too little, too late. The mainstream media has already cast the team involved as fraudsters and the sector of the lay public that cares simply sees this as yet another example of “tampering with nature” gone wrong. Let’s just hope that the peer-reviewed assessment further supports the claim that Snuppy is a clone and that this fascinating area of science can move forward once more.

Dogs Sniff out Cancer

Can dogs detect cancer? There have been numerous popular science stories doing the rounds over the last two years and anecdotal evidence is mounting. But, in a world where lung and breast cancers are among the leading causes of cancer death, it seems that any early detection method is highly desirable, however canine it might be.

Now, a study published in the March 2006 issue of the journal Integrative Cancer Therapies presents astonishing evidence that man’s best friend, the dog, may indeed be able to sniff out cancer.

Apparently, the dog’s extraordinary sense of smell can distinguish between healthy people and those with both early and late stage lung and breast cancers from healthy controls.

The Music of the Spheres

The Pandora project, is an applet that emerged from the Music Genome Project, which analyses and categorises music and styles. It solves the eternal question facing every iPod user once they’ve worked through their old CD collection – “I’ve downloaded all my favourite bands, what do I download now?” Are you brave enough to lift the lid on Pandora’s Box and play some new mp3s?

Hydroseeding

Some time ago I created a website for the UK’s leading and first (I believe) hydroseeding company CDTS Ltd. Hydroseeding basically amounts to spraying a specially selected mixture of seeds suspended in a nutrient-rich solution on to any tract of brownfield land that you wish to convert into green fields with flowers and grasses. CDTS have used it to great effect all over the UK, specifically beautifying motorway cuttings, brownfield sites and the entrance/exit to the Channel Tunnel. Take a look at their site to find out more about the whole process of hydroseeding (sometimes called hydraseeding).

Coughing and spluttering

Scientists at Northwestern University in the US have determined the molecular structure of a viral protein, the parainfluenza virus 5 fusion (F) protein. The parainfluenza virus 5 is part of a family of viruses (paramyxoviruses) that causes everything from pneumonia, croup and bronchiolitis to cold-like illness and is responsible for many hospitalizations and deaths each year. The results are published in the Jan. 5 issue of the journal Nature. Also, check out our how to avoid colds and flu page for advice on sidestepping viruses.